杭州市儿童牙面色素及患龋情况研究

汝兵 刘, 敏 刘, 玉三 刘

摘要


目的：研究儿童牙面色素形成的饮食因素及色素与牙齿患龋情况之间的关系，为开展儿童口腔健康教育提供依据。方法 抽样调查杭州市 1201 名儿童牙面色素情况、饮食习惯、刷牙习惯，记录龋失补牙数(Decayed Missing Filled Teeth，DMFT)，并进行相关统计分析。结果 统计发现，牙面黑色素发生率高，约有 11.24%（135/1201)儿童出现牙面黑色素，且无性别差异(字2=1.56)。中药(55.56%)、巧克力(56.3%)、茶叶、可乐及咖啡是导致色素形成主要的饮食相关因素。色素组 DMFT 分值(1.99依2.46) 明显低于无色素对照组 (3.36依2.99)(P<0.001)。色素组无龋坏的人群比例 44.44%(60/135) 约是对照组无龋坏人群比例22.89%(244/1066)的 2 倍(P<0.01)。保证 1min 刷牙时间(P=0.0164)或延长至 2min(P<0.01)，可明显减轻牙面黑色素的形成。结论：牙面黑色素在杭州市儿童发生率高，其形成与饮食习惯有关。色素的存在对牙齿患龋有相对的保护作用，但对儿童心理有负面影响。但保证刷牙时间可一定程度上去除部分牙面黑色素。

关键词


牙面色素；饮食习惯；龋失补指数；儿童

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参考


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36012/pmr.v2i3.2277

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