超声诊断胎儿肾盂分离的临床价值

冬丽 王, 金辉 张

摘要


在产前超声检查中，肾脏和尿路先天性异常的检出率为 0.2%~0.76%，约占所有胎儿先天性缺陷的 20%。尽管先天性尿路畸形包括肾实质、收集系统、膀胱和或尿道水平上的广泛结构和功能异常，但肾盂分离是一种常见的先天性尿路畸形 ,根据其病因学分为生理性和病理性，约 41%~88% 为自发性。胎儿肾盂分离是指胎儿原尿自肾脏滤过需从肾盂排出到输尿管的过程受阻，进而尿液积聚在肾盂，随着聚集的尿液的增加，肾小盏扩张，肾脏体积异常增大，从而引起肾实质变薄。不同程度的肾盂分离，其结果也不尽相同，根据 APD 值的不同，临床处理方法也是不同的。

关键词


产前检查；胎儿；评测方法

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参考


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12346/pmr.v5i5.9123

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